In the context of water treatment, what does 'ion exchange' primarily address?

Ion exchange primarily addresses the removal of heavy metals from water. This process involves the exchange of ions between the water and a resin or other media. In water treatment systems, specialized resins are utilized to specifically target and bind heavy metal ions, such as lead, mercury, or cadmium, that are present in the water. This process not only helps in reducing the concentration of these harmful substances but also protects public health and the environment.

While ion exchange can have secondary benefits that may improve the taste of water or affect salinity levels indirectly, its primary focus is on the selective removal of heavy metals. Thus, ion exchange is a critical technique in ensuring that water meets safety standards for toxic substances, allowing for cleaner and safer drinking water.